Arundinella

HABIT Annual (15), or perennial (36). Rhizomes absent (37), or short (5), or elongated (8). Culms erect (31/35), or geniculately ascending (14/35), or decumbent (3/35); robust (6/14), or slender (8/14); 5–77.28–400 cm long; without nodal roots (3/4), or rooting from lower nodes (4/4). Culm-nodes swollen (1/1). Lateral branches lacking (17/19), or sparse (3/19), or fastigiate (1/19). Ligule an eciliate membrane (22), or a ciliolate membrane (23), or a ciliate membrane (4), or a fringe of hairs (1), or absent (1). Leaf-blades filiform (1), or linear (42), or lanceolate (13), or oblong (4); membranous (1), or herbaceous (45), or coriaceous (5); stiff (8), or firm (37), or flaccid (5). Leaf-blade midrib indistinct (1/5), or conspicuous (4/5). Leaf-blade margins cartilaginous (1/1).

INFLORESCENCE Inflorescence a panicle.

Panicle open (38), or contracted (12), or spiciform (1). Primary panicle branches not whorled (49), or whorled at most nodes (1).

Spikelets solitary (17/49), or in pairs (44/49). Fertile spikelets sessile (1), or pedicelled (49); 1 in the cluster (6/37), or 2 in the cluster (37/37). Pedicels filiform (4/4).

FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets lanceolate (37), or elliptic (4), or ovate (9), or cuneate (2); laterally compressed (49), or dorsally compressed (1); 1.5–4.534–9 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Spikelet callus pilose (1/1). Floret callus glabrous (4/44), or pubescent (15/44), or pilose (13/44), or bearded (12/44).

GLUMES Glumes persistent; reaching apex of florets (21), or exceeding apex of florets (29); thinner than fertile lemma; parallel to lemmas (26), or recurved at apex (4), or gaping (22). Lower glume lanceolate (14), or elliptic (11), or ovate (27), or orbicular (2); 0.5–0.7568–1 length of upper glume; membranous (46), or chartaceous (4); 1-keeled; 1 -veined (1/49), or 3 -veined (39/49), or 4 -veined (14/49), or 5 -veined (22/49), or 6 -veined (1/49), or 7 -veined (2/49). Lower glume lateral veins absent (1), or distinct (46), or prominent (3); without ribs (47/49), or ribbed (2/49). Lower glume surface smooth (34), or asperulous (4), or scabrous (14); without pits; glabrous (34), or pilose (15), or hispid (3), or setose (2). Lower glume apex obtuse (1/49), or acute (21/49), or acuminate (25/49), or attenuate (2/49), or setaceously attenuate (4/49); muticous (42), or mucronate (2), or awned (7). Upper glume lanceolate (15), or elliptic (15), or oblong (1), or ovate (24), or orbicular (1); 1–2.298–6 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous (46), or chartaceous (4); 1-keeled (49/49); 1 -veined (1/49), or 3 -veined (6/49), or 4 -veined (4/49), or 5 -veined (45/49), or 6 -veined (3/49), or 7 -veined (4/49). Upper glume lateral veins without ribs (48/49), or ribbed (1/49). Upper glume surface smooth (39), or asperulous (4), or scabrous (9); glabrous (36), or pilose (15), or hispid (4), or setose (2); with simple hairs (5/21), or tubercle-based hairs (16/21). Upper glume apex entire, or dentate (1); 2 -fid (1/1); obtuse (2/49), or acute (13/49), or acuminate (20/49), or attenuate (1/49), or rostrate (1/49), or caudate (15/49).

FLORETS Basal sterile florets male (48), or barren (17); with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret lanceolate (13), or elliptic (10), or oblong (8), or ovate (24); 1.3 length of fertile lemma; membranous (45), or chartaceous (5); 2 -veined (1/49), or 3 -veined (25/49), or 4 -veined (2/49), or 5 -veined (25/49), or 6–7 -veined (1/49); truncate (1/48), or obtuse (13/48), or acute (33/48), or acuminate (2/48); muticous (47), or mucronate (2), or awned (1). Palea of lower sterile floret hyaline (48), or membranous (2). Fertile lemma lanceolate (15), or elliptic (13), or oblong (25), or ovate (13); dorsally compressed (3/3); lanceolate in profile (1/1); chartaceous (4), or coriaceous (46); without keel; wingless; 1 -veined (1/39), or 3 -veined (21/39), or 5 -veined (17/39). Lemma lateral veins obscure (42/42). Lemma surface smooth (7), or asperulous (41), or scabrous (1), or papillose (1); unwrinkled; without grooves; glabrous (49), or pubescent (1). Lemma margins flat (1), or involute (49); exposing palea (1), or interlocking with palea keels (49); eciliate (49), or ciliolate (1). Lemma apex entire (20), or dentate (32), or lobed (1); 2 -fid (33/33); incised 0.5 of lemma length; truncate (1/7), or obtuse (4/7), or acuminate (1/7), or setaceously attenuate (1/7); muticous (8), or mucronate (1), or awned (44); 1 -awned (36/44), or 3 -awned (8/44). Principal lemma awn apical (12/45), or from a sinus (33/45); straight (4/45), or geniculate (42/45). Palea 1 length of lemma; membranous (1), or chartaceous (4), or coriaceous (45); 2 -veined (47/47). Palea surface glabrous (48), or pubescent (2). Palea apex dentate (1/1).

FLOWER Lodicules 2 (43/43); fleshy (41/41). Anthers 2 (1/48), or 3 (47/48). Stigmas 2 (42/42).

FRUIT Caryopsis with adherent pericarp (45/45); ellipsoid (2/3), or oblong (2/3), or ovoid (1/3). Embryo 0.5–0.5667–0.6 length of caryopsis. Hilum punctiform (42/42).

DISTRIBUTION Africa (2), or Temperate Asia (23), or Tropical Asia (34), or Australasia (4), or North America (3), or South America (3).

Please cite this publication as detailed in How to Cite Version: 3rd February 2016.