Gymnopogon

HABIT Annual (3), or perennial (12). Rhizomes absent (4), or short (6), or elongated (4). Culms erect (7/11), or geniculately ascending (4/11), or decumbent (4/11); 5–47.42–100 cm long. Culm-internodes terete (1/1). Lateral branches lacking (2/2). Ligule an eciliate membrane (1), or a ciliolate membrane (3), or a ciliate membrane (9), or a fringe of hairs (2). Leaf-blades linear (7), or lanceolate (8); stiff (13), or firm (3). Leaf-blade midrib indistinct.

INFLORESCENCE Inflorescence composed of racemes; exserted (12), or embraced at base by subtending leaf (2).

Racemes digitate (5), or borne along a central axis (10); erect (2), or ascending (9), or spreading (5), or drooping (2), or deflexed (3); unilateral. Rhachis angular. Spikelet packing broadside to rhachis; contiguous (2), or lax (4), or distant (8); 2 -rowed (2/2). Raceme-bases brief (9), or filiform (5).

Spikelets appressed (12/12); solitary. Fertile spikelets pedicelled. Pedicels oblong (12/13), or cuneate (1/13).

STERILE SPIKELETS Basal sterile spikelets absent (13), or rudimentary (3).

FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 1 fertile florets (12), or 2 fertile florets (4), or 3 fertile florets (1); with a barren rhachilla extension (4), or with diminished florets at the apex (10). Spikelets linear (2), or lanceolate (11), or cuneate (1); laterally compressed; 1.66–4.372–9.5 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes definite (4/4). Floret callus brief (13), or elongated (1); glabrous (2/12), or pubescent (10/12), or pilose (1/12); obtuse (13), or pungent (1).

GLUMES Glumes persistent; exceeding apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma (2), or similar to fertile lemma in texture (12); gaping. Lower glume linear (9), or lanceolate (5); 0.66–0.8807–1 length of upper glume; membranous; 1-keeled; 1 -veined. Lower glume lateral veins absent. Lower glume surface without pits. Lower glume apex acute (1), or acuminate (13), or setaceously attenuate (1); muticous (13), or awned (1). Upper glume linear (10), or lanceolate (4); 1–1.696–3 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous; 1-keeled; 1 -veined. Upper glume apex acute (1), or acuminate; muticous (13), or awned (1); 1 -awned (1/1).

FLORETS Fertile lemma lanceolate (1), or elliptic (11), or ovate (2); hyaline (2), or membranous (12); keeled; wingless; 3 -veined. Lemma midvein eciliate (12), or ciliate (1), or pubescent (2). Lemma lateral veins obscure (1/1). Lemma surface smooth (13), or scaberulous (1); unwrinkled; without grooves; glabrous (12), or pubescent (3). Lemma margins eciliate (8), or ciliolate (1), or ciliate (6), or pubescent (2). Lemma apex entire (2), or dentate (13); 2 -fid (13/13); incised 0.2 of lemma length; obtuse (1/1), or acute (1/1); muticous (3), or mucronate (2), or awned (13); 1 -awned (13/13). Principal lemma awn apical (1/13), or subapical (10/13), or from a sinus (2/13); straight (7/13), or flexuous (6/13). Palea 0.9–0.9833–1.1 length of lemma; hyaline (2), or membranous (12). Palea keels smooth (13), or scabrous (1). Palea apex dentate (1/1). Apical sterile florets 1 in number (8/10), or 2 in number (5/10), or 3 in number (1/10); barren (10/10); separate (9/10), or in a clump (1/10); rudimentary (9/10), or linear (2/10). Apical sterile lemmas muticous (1/10), or awned (9/10).

FLOWER Lodicules 2 (2/2). Anthers 2 (1), or 3.

FRUIT Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; linear (2/6), or lanceolate (1/6), or fusiform (2/6), or ellipsoid (1/6); plano-convex (1/2), or concavo-convex (1/2). Embryo 0.5 length of caryopsis. Hilum punctiform (1/1).

DISTRIBUTION Tropical Asia (1), or North America (4), or South America (11).

Please cite this publication as detailed in How to Cite Version: 3rd February 2016.