Indocalamus

HABIT Perennial. Rhizomes elongated; leptomorph. Culms erect (24/24), or geniculately ascending (1/24); 11.4–164.1–500 cm long; woody. Culm-internodes terete. Culm-nodes flush with internodes (3/7), or swollen (3/7), or flanged (1/7); with distinct supra-nodal ridge (1/1). Lateral branches suffrutescent (27), or dendroid (3). Branch complement one (20/22), or two (3/22), or three (3/22); solitary (3/4), or in a clump (1/4); as thick as stem (3/3). Culm-sheaths persistent (13/14), or tardily deciduous (1/14); without auricles (11/21), or auriculate (10/21). Culm-sheath blade linear (7/19), or lanceolate (13/19), or ovate (3/19), or triangular (3/19); narrower than sheath (3/4), or cordate (1/4). Leaf-sheath auricles absent (22), or erect (1), or falcate (8). Ligule an eciliate membrane (20), or a ciliolate membrane (5), or a ciliate membrane (6), or absent (1). Leaf-blade base with a brief petiole-like connection to sheath. Leaf-blades persistent (28), or deciduous at the ligule (2); lanceolate (25), or elliptic (4), or oblong (12), or ovate (2); herbaceous (27), or chartaceous (3); without exudate (29), or pruinose (1). Leaf-blade venation without cross veins (5), or with obscure cross veins (1), or with distinct cross veins (24).

INFLORESCENCE Inflorescence a panicle (12/13), or composed of racemes (2/13); subtended by an unspecialized leaf-sheath (12/13), or bracts (1/13); exserted (12/13), or embraced at base by subtending leaf (2/13).

Panicle open (7/12), or contracted (5/12).

Racemes single (1/1); bearing few fertile spikelets (1/2), or many spikelets (1/2); bearing 4–5 fertile spikelets on each (2/2), or 6–8 fertile spikelets on each (1/2).

Spikelets appressed (1/1), or ascending (1/1); solitary (13/13). Fertile spikelets sessile (1/13), or pedicelled (12/13).

FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 3 fertile florets (4/13), or 4–5 fertile florets (7/13), or 6 fertile florets (4/13), or 7 fertile florets (5/13), or 8 fertile florets (4/13), or 9 fertile florets (3/13), or 10–11 fertile florets (1/13); with diminished florets at the apex (13/13). Spikelets linear (11/13), or lanceolate (1/13), or oblong (1/13); laterally compressed (4/13), or subterete (9/13); 8.3–22.49–60 mm long; breaking up at maturity (13/13); disarticulating below each fertile floret (13/13). Spikelet callus pubescent (1/1). Rhachilla internodes definite (13/13); glabrous (7/13), or pubescent (6/13). Floret callus pubescent (2/3), or pilose (1/3).

GLUMES Glumes two (11/13), or several (2/13); persistent (13/13); shorter than spikelet (13/13). Lower glume lanceolate (11/13), or ovate (2/13); 0.7–0.75–0.8 length of upper glume; chartaceous (13/13); without keels (12/13), or 1-keeled (1/13); 3–4 -veined (2/4), or 5 -veined (4/4), or 6–7 -veined (3/4). Lower glume lateral veins obscure (1/13), or distinct (12/13). Lower glume surface without pits (13/13); glabrous (11/13), or puberulous (1/13), or pubescent (1/13). Lower glume apex obtuse (1/11), or acute (4/11), or acuminate (5/11), or setaceously attenuate (1/11). Upper glume lanceolate (11/13), or ovate (2/13); 0.66–0.9025–1.1 length of adjacent fertile lemma; chartaceous (13/13); without keels (11/13), or 1-keeled (2/13); 3 -veined (2/7), or 4 -veined (1/7), or 5 -veined (2/7), or 6 -veined (1/7), or 7 -veined (5/7), or 8–9 -veined (3/7). Upper glume surface glabrous (10/13), or puberulous (1/13), or pubescent (2/13). Upper glume apex truncate (1/11), or acute (4/11), or acuminate (4/11), or setaceously attenuate (2/11).

FLORETS Fertile lemma lanceolate (6/13), or ovate (7/13); chartaceous (13/13); without keel (12/13), or keeled (1/13); wingless (13/13); 3 -veined (1/11), or 5 -veined (2/11), or 7 -veined (6/11), or 11–12 -veined (1/11), or 13 -veined (2/11). Lemma surface unwrinkled (13/13); without grooves (13/13); glabrous (12/13), or puberulous (1/13), or pubescent (1/13). Lemma margins eciliate (11/13), or ciliate (2/13). Lemma apex obtuse (2/6), or acuminate (1/6), or attenuate (2/6), or setaceously attenuate (1/6); muticous (11/13), or mucronate (1/13), or awned (1/13); 1 -awned (1/1). Palea 0.25–0.85–1 length of lemma; membranous (6/13), or chartaceous (7/13). Palea keels smooth (12/13), or scaberulous (1/13); eciliate (11/13), or ciliolate (2/13). Palea surface glabrous (10/13), or puberulous (3/13). Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped (13/13).

FLOWER Lodicules 3 (13/13); glabrous (10/13), or ciliate (3/13). Anthers 3 (13/13). Stigmas 2 (10/12), or 3 (2/12). Ovary glabrous (4/4).

FRUIT Caryopsis with adherent pericarp (13/13); oblong (1/1).

DISTRIBUTION Temperate Asia (29), or Tropical Asia (1).

Please cite this publication as detailed in How to Cite Version: 3rd February 2016.