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Descriptions

W.D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, K.T. Harman & H. Williamson

© Copyright The Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Dendrocalamus hookeri

HABIT Perennial; caespitose. Rhizomes short; pachymorph. Culms erect; 1500–2000 cm long; 100–150 mm diam.; woody. Culm-internodes terete; with small lumen; 40–45 cm long; dark green; distally pilose. Lateral branches dendroid. Buds or branches absent from lower quarter of culm. Culm-sheaths 20–30 cm long; 0.5–0.75 times as long as wide; hispid; with dark brown hairs, or black hairs; ciliate on shoulders. Culm-sheath ligule 5–7 mm high; dentate. Culm-sheath blade triangular; 8–18 cm long. Leaf-sheaths striately veined; pilose (below). Leaf-sheath oral hairs scanty, or lacking. Ligule an eciliate membrane; truncate. Leaf-blade base asymmetrical; with a brief petiole-like connection to sheath. Leaf-blades oblong. Leaf-blade midrib conspicuous. Leaf-blade venation indistinct; with 16–32 secondary veins. Leaf-blade surface scabrous; rough abaxially; glabrous. Leaf-blade margins scabrous. Leaf-blade apex acuminate.

INFLORESCENCE Synflorescence bractiferous; clustered at the nodes; in globose clusters; 2.5 cm long; dense; 5–8 cm between clusters; with glumaceous subtending bracts; with axillary buds at base of spikelet; prophyllate below lateral spikelets; leafless between clusters.

Fertile spikelets sessile.

FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 2–3 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets ovate; laterally compressed; 8–10 mm long; 3 mm wide; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes suppressed between florets.

GLUMES Glumes two; persistent; similar; shorter than spikelet. Lower glume ovate; coriaceous; without keels. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume ovate; chartaceous; without keels. Upper glume apex acuminate.

FLORETS Fertile lemma ovate; 8 mm long; chartaceous; without keel. Lemma lateral veins with cross-veins. Lemma surface puberulous. Lemma apex acute. Palea chartaceous; 2-keeled but the uppermost without keels. Palea keels ciliate.

FLOWER Lodicules absent. Anthers 6; anther tip penicillate. Filaments united in a tube. Stigmas 1; plumose. Ovary umbonate; pubescent all over.

FRUIT Caryopsis with adherent pericarp.

DISTRIBUTION Asia-tropical: India and Indo-China.

NOTES Bambuseae. Gamble 1996.

Please cite this publication as detailed in How to Cite Version: 3rd February 2016.