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Descriptions

W.D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, K.T. Harman & H. Williamson

© Copyright The Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Echinochloa stagnina

HABIT Perennial. Rhizomes elongated. Culms decumbent, or prostrate; 30–200 cm long; spongy; rooting from lower nodes. Culm-nodes glabrous, or bearded. Leaf-sheaths glabrous on surface, or hispid (rarely). Ligule a fringe of hairs. Leaf-blades 10–45 cm long; 3–20 mm wide.

INFLORESCENCE Inflorescence composed of racemes.

Racemes borne along a central axis; simply spaced, or closely spaced; flexuous; unilateral; 2–8 cm long; simple. Central inflorescence axis 6–25 cm long. Rhachis angular. Spikelet packing irregular; 4 -rowed.

Spikelets in pairs. Fertile spikelets sessile.

FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 1 basal sterile florets; 1 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension. Spikelets elliptic; dorsally compressed; gibbous; acuminate; 3.5–6 mm long; falling entire.

GLUMES Glumes dissimilar; reaching apex of florets; thinner than fertile lemma. Lower glume ovate; 0.25–0.75 length of spikelet; membranous; without keels; 3–5 -veined. Lower glume surface hispidulous; with simple hairs, or tubercle-based hairs. Lower glume apex cuspidate. Upper glume ovate; membranous; without keels; 5 -veined. Upper glume surface hispidulous; with simple hairs, or tubercle-based hairs. Upper glume hairs 1 mm long. Upper glume apex acuminate; muticous, or awned; 1 -awned. Upper glume awn 0–4 mm long.

FLORETS Basal sterile florets male, or barren; with palea. Lemma of lower sterile floret similar to upper glume; ovate; 1 length of spikelet; membranous; 5 -veined; hispidulous; with simple hairs, or tubercle-based hairs; bearing hairs 1 mm long; acuminate; awned. Awn of lower sterile floret (1–)3–20(–50) mm long. Fertile lemma ovate; gibbous; 3–5 mm long; indurate; much thinner above; shiny; without keel; 5 -veined. Lemma margins involute. Lemma apex acute; laterally pinched. Palea reflexed at apex; indurate.

FLOWER Anthers 3.

DISTRIBUTION Africa: north, west tropical, west-central tropical, northeast tropical, east tropical, southern tropical, south, and western Indian ocean. Asia-tropical: India, Indo-China, Malesia, and Papuasia.

NOTES Paniceae. FTEA.

Please cite this publication as detailed in How to Cite Version: 3rd February 2016.