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Descriptions

W.D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, K.T. Harman & H. Williamson

© Copyright The Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Semiarundinaria fortis

HABIT Perennial. Rhizomes elongated; leptomorph. Culms erect; 600–800 cm long; woody. Culm-internodes terete; hollow; distally pubescent; with reflexed hairs. Culm-nodes pubescent. Lateral branches dendroid. Branch complement three, or several; in a horizontal line. Culm-sheaths coriaceous; puberulous; with reflexed hairs; without auricles. Leaves cauline; 3–4 per branch. Leaf-sheaths puberulous. Leaf-sheath oral hairs setose. Ligule a ciliolate membrane; 0.5–1.5 mm long; truncate. Leaf-blade base with a brief petiole-like connection to sheath. Leaf-blades lanceolate, or elliptic; 18–25 cm long; 30–45 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface glabrous; hairless except near base. Leaf-blade apex acuminate.

INFLORESCENCE Synflorescence bractiferous; fasciculate; with spathaceous subtending bracts; bracts 30–40 mm long; without axillary buds at base of spikelet; with ultimate bract subtending a compact bracteolate fascicle of spikelets; prophyllate below lateral spikelets.

Fertile spikelets sessile.

FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 2–3 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets lanceolate; laterally compressed; 30–40 mm long; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes 7–9 mm long; sparsely hairy.

GLUMES Glumes persistent; similar; shorter than spikelet. Lower glume ovate; 1 length of upper glume; chartaceous; without keels. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume ovate; 5–7 mm long; chartaceous; without keels. Upper glume apex acute.

FLORETS Fertile lemma ovate; 10–17 mm long; chartaceous; without keel; 13 -veined. Lemma lateral veins with cross-veins. Lemma surface scabrous. Lemma apex acuminate. Palea 1 length of lemma; coriaceous; 11–13 -veined. Palea keels ciliolate. Palea apex with excurrent keel veins. Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped.

FLOWER Lodicules 3; lanceolate; 4 mm long; veined; ciliate. Anthers 3; 9 mm long. Stigmas 3.

FRUIT Caryopsis with adherent pericarp.

DISTRIBUTION Asia-temperate: eastern Asia.

NOTES Arundinarieae. Index Jap. Bam. 2001.

Please cite this publication as detailed in How to Cite Version: 3rd February 2016.