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Descriptions

W.D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, K.T. Harman & H. Williamson

© Copyright The Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Triticum durum

HABIT Annual; caespitose. Culms 60–150 cm long. Culm-internodes hollow, or solid. Leaf-sheath oral hairs ciliate. Leaf-sheath auricles falcate. Ligule an eciliate membrane. Leaf-blades 30–60 cm long; 10–20 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface glabrous, or pilose; sparsely hairy; hairy abaxially. Leaf-blade margins smooth.

INFLORESCENCE Inflorescence composed of racemes.

Racemes 1; single; bilateral; 4–11 cm long. Rhachis tough; flattened; glabrous on surface (as an apical tuft); ciliate on margins. Spikelet packing broadside to rhachis. Rhachis internodes oblong; 3–4 mm long.

Spikelets ascending; solitary. Fertile spikelets sessile.

FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 2–3 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 10–15 mm long; 8–15 mm wide; persistent on plant.

GLUMES Glumes similar; shorter than spikelet. Lower glume ovate; 8–12 mm long; 1 length of upper glume; coriaceous; 2-keeled; keeled all along; 5–9 -veined. Lower glume surface glabrous, or pubescent. Lower glume apex with a unilateral tooth; truncate. Upper glume ovate; 8–12 mm long; 0.9–1 length of adjacent fertile lemma; coriaceous; 2-keeled; keeled all along; winged on keel; winged above; 5–9 -veined. Upper glume lateral veins divergent at apex. Upper glume surface glabrous, or pubescent. Upper glume apex with a unilateral tooth; truncate.

FLORETS Fertile lemma elliptic; 10–12 mm long; coriaceous; without keel; 9–15 -veined. Lemma apex acute; awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn 80–150 mm long overall; limb scabrous. Palea 2 -veined. Palea keels ciliolate. Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped.

FLOWER Anthers 3; 4 mm long. Ovary with a fleshy appendage below style insertion; pubescent on apex.

FRUIT Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; 8 mm long; hairy at apex. Hilum linear.

DISTRIBUTION Europe: southwestern, southeastern, and eastern. Africa: north, Macaronesia, northeast tropical, and southern tropical. Asia-temperate: Siberia, Soviet Middle Asia, Caucasus, western Asia, Arabia, and China. Asia-tropical: India and Indo-China. South America: southern South America.

NOTES Triticeae. Fl Iran.

Please cite this publication as detailed in How to Cite Version: 3rd February 2016.