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Descriptions

W.D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, K.T. Harman & H. Williamson

© Copyright The Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Triticum polonicum

HABIT Annual. Culms 100–150 cm long. Culm-internodes solid. Culm-nodes glabrous, or pubescent. Leaf-sheath oral hairs ciliate. Leaf-sheath auricles falcate. Ligule an eciliate membrane. Leaf-blades 10–20 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface glabrous, or pubescent; sparsely hairy.

INFLORESCENCE Inflorescence composed of racemes.

Racemes 1; single; bilateral; 7–15 cm long; bearing 19–23 fertile spikelets on each. Rhachis tough; flattened; pilose on surface; ciliate on margins. Rhachis hairs mainly at internode tip. Spikelet packing broadside to rhachis. Rhachis internodes oblong.

Spikelets solitary. Fertile spikelets sessile.

FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 3–4 fertile florets; with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets oblong; laterally compressed; 25–30 mm long; persistent on plant.

GLUMES Glumes similar; exceeding apex of florets. Lower glume lanceolate; 25–35 mm long; 1.2 length of upper glume; membranous; 1-keeled; keeled all along; 5–9 -veined. Lower glume surface glabrous, or pubescent. Lower glume apex acute. Upper glume lanceolate; 20–30 mm long; 1.3 length of adjacent fertile lemma; membranous; 1-keeled; keeled all along; 5–9 -veined. Upper glume lateral veins divergent at apex. Upper glume surface glabrous, or pubescent. Upper glume apex dentate; 2 -fid.

FLORETS Fertile lemma elliptic; 15–25 mm long; membranous; without keel; 9–11 -veined. Lemma apex muticous, or awned; 1 -awned. Principal lemma awn 70–150 mm long overall. Palea 2 -veined. Palea keels ciliolate. Apical sterile florets resembling fertile though underdeveloped.

FLOWER Anthers 3. Ovary with a fleshy appendage below style insertion; pubescent on apex.

FRUIT Caryopsis with adherent pericarp; hairy at apex. Hilum linear.

DISTRIBUTION Europe: southwestern and eastern. Africa: north and northeast tropical. Asia-temperate: Siberia, Soviet Middle Asia, Caucasus, western Asia, and China. Asia-tropical: India.

NOTES Triticeae. Fl Turk 1993.

Please cite this publication as detailed in How to Cite Version: 3rd February 2016.