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Descriptions

W.D. Clayton, M. Vorontsova, K.T. Harman & H. Williamson

© Copyright The Board of Trustees, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Dendrocalamus xishuangbannaensis

HABIT Perennial; caespitose. Rhizomes short; pachymorph. Culms erect; drooping at the tip; 1400–2800 cm long; 100–220 mm diam.; woody. Culm-internodes terete; hollow; 25–50 cm long; dark green. Lateral branches dendroid; arising from lower culm. Branch complement several; with subequal branches, or 3 branches dominant; thinner than stem. Culm-sheaths deciduous; coriaceous; brown; pubescent; hairy throughout; with dark brown hairs; auriculate; with 1–3 mm high auricles; ciliate on shoulders. Culm-sheath ligule 10–15 mm high; dentate. Culm-sheath blade lanceolate; reflexed; 10–25 cm long. Leaves 5–10 per branch. Leaf-sheaths glabrous on surface. Ligule an eciliate membrane; 1–2 mm long; erose. Leaf-blade base with a brief petiole-like connection to sheath. Leaf-blades lanceolate; 15–35 cm long; 20–40 mm wide. Leaf-blade surface pubescent; hairy abaxially.

INFLORESCENCE Synflorescence bractiferous; clustered at the nodes; in stellate clusters; 1.8–3 cm long; dense; 1.5–10 cm between clusters; with glumaceous subtending bracts; with axillary buds at base of spikelet; prophyllate below lateral spikelets; leafless between branches; 100–300 cm long overall.

Fertile spikelets sessile.

FERTILE SPIKELETS Spikelets comprising 4 fertile florets; without rhachilla extension, or with diminished florets at the apex. Spikelets lanceolate, or ovate; laterally compressed; 11–15 mm long; 4–7 mm wide; breaking up at maturity; disarticulating below each fertile floret. Rhachilla internodes suppressed between florets.

GLUMES Glumes several; 1–3 empty glumes; persistent; similar; shorter than spikelet. Lower glume ovate; 4–6 mm long; chartaceous.

FLORETS Fertile florets increasing in size upwards. Fertile lemma ovate; 10–15 mm long; 8–10 mm wide; chartaceous; without keel. Lemma margins ciliate. Lemma apex acute; mucronate. Palea 1 length of lemma; chartaceous; 2-keeled but the uppermost without keels. Palea keels ciliate.

FLOWER Lodicules absent. Anthers 6; 7.5 mm long. Stigmas 1; plumose. Styles 12–15 mm long. Ovary umbonate; pubescent all over.

FRUIT Caryopsis with adherent pericarp.

DISTRIBUTION Asia-temperate: China.

NOTES Bambuseae. Li & Yang 2011.

Please cite this publication as detailed in How to Cite Version: 3rd February 2016.